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Te Atiawa Claims Settlement Bill (Consistent) (Sections 19, 20, 27(2)) [2014] NZBORARp 20 (11 July 2014)
Last Updated: 24 March 2019
Te Atiawa Claims Settlement Bill
11 July 2014 Attorney-General
Te Atiawa Claims Settlement Bill (PCO 17855/1.31) – Consistency with
the New Zealand Bill of Rights Act 1990
Our Ref: ATT395/218
- We
have considered the above Bill for consistency with the New Zealand Bill of
Rights Act 1990 (the Bill of Rights Act). We advise
that the Bill appears to be
consistent with the Bill of Rights Act.
- The
Bill will effect a final settlement of the Te Atiawa historical claims as
defined in the Bill. [1] It provides for acknowledgements and an apology
to Te Atiawa as well as for cultural and commercial redress. Measures for
cultural
redress include the issue of protocols; statutory acknowledgment and
deeds of recognition; a declaration of overlay classification;
determinations
relating to official geographic names; and representation on some committees of
the Taranaki Regional Council. One
cultural redress property (Taumata) is vested
in fee simple; others are vested jointly in fee simple, some to be administered
as
wildlife refuges and conservation areas, and some as conservation areas.
Whether s 19 at issue
- The
Bill does not prima facie limit the right to freedom from discrimination
affirmed by s 19 of the Bill of Rights Act through conferring assets or rights
on Te
Atiawa that are not conferred on other people. Discrimination arises only
if there is a difference in treatment on the basis of one
of the prohibited
grounds of discrimination between those in comparable circumstances. In the
context of this settlement, which addresses
specified historical claims brought
by Te Atiawa, no other persons or groups who are not party to those claims are
in comparable
circumstances to the recipients of the entitlements under the
Bill. No differential treatment for the purpose of s 19 therefore arises
by
excluding others from the entitlements conferred under the Bill.
Issues under ss 20 and 27(2) - Privative clause
- The
Bill provides in cl 14 that the settlement of the historical claims is final and
excludes the jurisdiction of any court, tribunal
or other judicial body to
consider the settlement and historical claims, other than in respect of the
interpretation or implementation
of the Deed of Settlement or the Te Atiawa
Claims Settlement Act.
- Legislative
determination ought not conventionally to fall within the scope of judicial
review. [2] However, to the extent that any excluded matters could be
susceptible to judicial review, cl 14 constitutes a justified limit under
s 5 of
the Bill of Rights Act on the right affirmed by s 27(2). Excluding subsequent
challenge is a legitimate incident of the negotiated
settlement of
claims.
- To
the extent that the exclusion of subsequent challenge could be said to limit
a
claimant’s minority rights under s 20 of the Bill of Rights
Act, this would be justified on the
same basis.
- The
United Nations Human Rights Committee upheld a similar exclusion under the 1992
Fisheries Settlement. The Committee found that
the exclusion was consistent with
articles 14 and 27 of the International Covenant of Civil and Political Rights,
which are comparable
to ss 20 and 27(2) of the Bill of Rights Act.
[3]
Whether s 27(3) at issue
- Clause
23(3) of the Bill excludes damages and other forms of monetary compensation as a
remedy for any failure by the Crown to comply
with a protocol under the
Bill.
- This
clause may be seen to raise the issue of compliance with s 27(3) of the Bill of
Rights Act, namely the right to bring civil proceedings
against the Crown and
have those heard according to law in the same way as civil proceedings between
individuals. However, cl 23(3)
affects the substantive law and does not fall
within the ambit of s 27(3) of the Bill of Rights, which protects procedural
rights.
[4]
Review of this advice
- This
advice has been reviewed in accordance with Crown Law protocol by Martha
Coleman, Crown Counsel.
Kristina Muller
Crown Counsel
Disclaimer
In addition to the general disclaimer for all documents on this website,
please note the following: This advice was prepared to assist
the
Attorney-General to determine whether a report should be made to Parliament
under s 7 of the New Zealand Bill of Rights Act 1990
in relation to the Te
Atiawa Claims Settlement Bill. It should not be used or acted upon for any other
purpose. The advice does no
more than assess whether the Bill complies with the
minimum guarantees contained in the New Zealand Bill of Rights Act. The release
of this advice should not be taken to indicate that the Attorney-General agrees
with all aspects of it, nor does its release constitute
a general waiver of
legal professional privilege in respect of this or any other matter. Whilst care
has been taken to ensure that
this document is an accurate reproduction of the
advice provided to the Attorney-General, neither the Ministry of Justice nor the
Crown Law Office accepts any liability for any errors or omissions.
Footnotes
[1] Clause 12 defines Te Atiawa, cl 13 defines the historical claims.
[2] Westco Lagan Limited v Attorney-General [2000] NZHC 1350; [2001] 1 NZLR 40 (HC).
[3] Apirana Mahuika v New Zealand Communication Number 547/1993 UN Doc
CCPR/C/70/D/547/1993 (2000)
[4] Westco Lagan Ltd v Attorney-General [2000] NZHC 1350; [2001] 1 NZLR 40. 55:
“[s]ection 27(3) ... cannot restrict the power of the legislature to
determine what substantive rights the Crown is to
have. Section 27(3) merely
directs that the Crown shall have no procedural advantage in any proceeding to
enforce rights if such
rights exist.”
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